See -čuga on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_text": "First attested in the late 1970s. According to Babić, it has spread from the word cr̀nčuga (“nigger”) (originally formed as crnc- + -juga), which was reanalyzed by native speakers as if being composed of cȓn (“black”) + -čuga. The word cr̀nčuga was the most common pejorative in subtitled American films and television as shown on Yugoslav television stations, acting as a calque for the English word nigger.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-чуга",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "-čuga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-čuge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-čuge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-čuga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-čugi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-čugi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-čugama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-čugu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-čuge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-čugo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-čuge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-čugi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-čugama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-čugom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-čugama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "m-an"
},
"expansion": "-čuga m anim (Cyrillic spelling -чуга, noun-forming suffix)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "kȁmēn → kamenčuga"
},
{
"text": "cȓn → cr̀nčuga"
},
{
"text": "pȋvo → pivčuga"
},
{
"text": "film → filmčuga"
},
{
"text": "Írac → irčuga"
}
],
"glosses": [
"unproductive suffix appended to nominal stems to a create a noun, usually an augmentative with pejorative connotations."
],
"id": "en--čuga-sh-suffix-lzpDP4C7",
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-čuga"
}
{
"etymology_text": "First attested in the late 1970s. According to Babić, it has spread from the word cr̀nčuga (“nigger”) (originally formed as crnc- + -juga), which was reanalyzed by native speakers as if being composed of cȓn (“black”) + -čuga. The word cr̀nčuga was the most common pejorative in subtitled American films and television as shown on Yugoslav television stations, acting as a calque for the English word nigger.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-чуга",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "-čuga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-čuge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-čuge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-čuga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-čugi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-čugi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-čugama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-čugu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-čuge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-čugo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-čuge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-čugi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-čugama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-čugom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-čugama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "m-an"
},
"expansion": "-čuga m anim (Cyrillic spelling -чуга, noun-forming suffix)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for accents in Serbo-Croatian noun entries",
"Serbo-Croatian animate suffixes",
"Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"Serbo-Croatian lemmas",
"Serbo-Croatian masculine animate nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian masculine suffixes",
"Serbo-Croatian noun-forming suffixes",
"Serbo-Croatian suffixes"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "kȁmēn → kamenčuga"
},
{
"text": "cȓn → cr̀nčuga"
},
{
"text": "pȋvo → pivčuga"
},
{
"text": "film → filmčuga"
},
{
"text": "Írac → irčuga"
}
],
"glosses": [
"unproductive suffix appended to nominal stems to a create a noun, usually an augmentative with pejorative connotations."
],
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-čuga"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -čuga meaning in All languages combined (2.7kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: noun-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-čuga"
],
"section": "Serbo-Croatian",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-čuga",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.